POTENTIAL
ID’S:
ANDERSONVILLE, SHERMAN, RECONSTRUCTION, KU KLUX KLAN,
CARPETBAGGERS AND SCALAWAGS, ANDREW JOHNSON, 14th
AMENDMENT
ULYSSES S. GRANT, HORACE GREELEY, STALWARTS, (ROSCOE
CONKLING), (JAMES G. BLAINE), HAYES, COMPROMISE OF 1877,
GARFIELD, ARTHUR, (MUGWUMPS), PENDLETON ACT, CLEVELAND
CREDIT MOBILIER, (ERIE WAR), CARNEGIE, J.P. MORGAN,
ROCKEFELLER, KNIGHTS OF LABOR, (HAYMARKET RIOT), (A.F.L),
(HOMESTEAD STRIKE), (PULLMAN RIOTS), (EUGENE DEBS),
SHERMAN ANTITRUST ACT
BOSS TWEED, SALVATION ARMY, Y.M.C.A., WWJD, (D. L.
MOODY), WCTU, (THOMAS NAST), GRANGE, BRYAN, POPULISTS,
(OMAHA CONVENTION), (COXEY'S ARMY), YELLOW JOURNALISM,
(MCKINLEY), (MARK HANNA)
(NORTHWEST ORDINANCE), CHEROKEE, TRAIL OF TEARS, (GREAT
BUFFALO HUNT), (OJIBWAY,) (TREATY OF 1851), TREATY OF
1868, (RED CLOUD), CRAZY HORSE, (SITTING BULL), LITTLE BIG
HORN (BATTLE OF GREASY GRASS), WOUNDED KNEE, WOVOKA, GHOST
DANCE, (DAWES SEVERALTY ACT), (ALLOTMENT), (INDIAN
REORGANIZATION ACT), (WHEELER-HOWARD ACT), (RELOCATION),
(INDIAN SELF-DETERMINATION ACT), THE MAINE, SPANISH
AMERICAN WAR, HEARST, PHILIPPINES, CUBA, PUERTO RICO,
(PLATT AMENDMENT)
POTENTIAL ESSAY QUESTIONS:
1. The Civil War came close to destroying the
framework of government set up by our founding
fathers. Even in 1877, America had not fully
recovered from the Civil War, and the continuation of
republican government, something we take for granted, was
probably not as certain as it seems to us in
retrospect. Comment.
2. The presidential campaigns of the last third of
the 19th century were characterized, not only by
mudslinging, but by violence, corruption, and outright
fraud. In view of this, it is not surprising that
the men elected to the presidency during this period were
seldom great leaders. It is perhaps more surprising
that these men were as statesmanlike as they were. Comment.
3. The late 19th century was a time of phenomenal
growth in business and industry. Along with this
growth came all the problems typically associated with
industrialization. Both the blessings and the
problems or industrialization are often attributed to the
"free enterprise" system, a system where government
maintains a laissez-faire attitude toward business and
economics. But it is doubtful if the economic system
of the late 19th century can truly be characterized as one
of "free enterprise." Comment.
4. Both city dwellers and farmers struggled with
enormous problems as America transformed itself into an
urban society in the 19th century. There were,
however, many attempts at reform--some fairly successful,
others rather disappointing. Comment.
5. The growth of the United States during its history has
been phenomenal. In some ways, this is good.
Expansion and growth are the signs of a healthy, confident
society. But the tendency of the U.S. to expand its
geographical boundaries has from time to time had its
negative aspects as well. Both positive and negative
aspects of the U.S. tendency to expansion are evident in
the 1865-1900 period. Comment.
POTENTIAL
ID'S:
MCKINLEY, THEODORE ROOSEVELT, SQUARE
DEAL, PANAMA CANAL, TAFT, (LA FOLLETTE), BULL
MOOSE PARTY, WILSON, FEDERAL RESERVE ACT, FOURTEEN
POINTS, LEAGUE OF NATIONS, GEORGE CREEL, EUGENICS
MOVEMENT, BIRTH OF A NATION, (AMENDMENT XIX),
(AMENDMENT XVIII)
PROHIBITION, HARDING, COOLIDGE, SACCO AND
VANZETTI, SCOPES TRIAL, BRYAN, ANDREW MELLON,
HOOVER
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT, NEW DEAL, FIRESIDE CHATS, WPA,
(FDIC), (SEC), CCC, NATIONAL RECOVERY ACT,
AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT, (FHA), SOCIAL
SECURITY ACT
NYE COMMISSION, NEUTRALITY ACTS, LEND-LEASE,
STALIN, PEARL HARBOR, NORMANDY INVASION,
HIROSHIMA, FRANK CAPRA
(COLD WAR), YALTA, POTSDAM, TRUMAN, MARSHALL PLAN,
KOREAN WAR, EISENHOWER, (MCCARTHY), DIEM, CASTRO,
SPUTNIK, (JOE KENNEDY), JOHN F. KENNEDY, (NEW
FRONTIER), ICH BIN EIN BERLINER, CUBAN MISSILE
CRISIS, BAY OF PIGS
POTENTIAL ESSAY QUESTIONS:
1. In the early years of
the 20th century, crusaders of various types
(including three "progressive" presidents) took
on all of the many evils plaguing American
society-- crime, disease, corruption, poverty,
ignorance, and injustice--and won! At
least, sort of. Comment.
2. While there is a general consensus on
which figures and events of the 1920-1932 period
are particularly important, there are major
differences in interpreting just about every one
of these figures and events. Comment.
3. Franklin D. Roosevelt promised the
American people a "new deal," and he gave them
just that. Roosevelt's presidency saw many
fundamental changes in the American political
system. These changes made Roosevelt a
hero to many, and Roosevelt is one of the most
loved presidents in American history--with good
reason. But many would argue that
Roosevelt's "New Deal" was a raw deal, and
Roosevelt also has the distinction of being one
of the most hated of American presidents--with
good reason! Comment.
4. During the period after World War I,
Americans tended to regard that war as a great
mistake, and they were determined not to make
such a mistake again. America’s refusal to
get involved in foreign conflicts made it seem
like the country would forever be a pacifist,
isolationist, and even cowardly nation.
World War II showed that this was not quite the
case. Comment.
5. During the years that followed World War II,
America reluctantly accepted its
responsibilities as a major player in world
affairs. Despite sometimes disappointing
leadership and more than a few major blunders,
the country was still moderately successful in
leading the free world through the difficult
years of what is often called the Cold
War. Comment
FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
[Last Revised 6/28/22]
[See also this History 152 Final Exam
Study Suggestions PowerPoint]
POTENTIAL ID'S:
LYNDON JOHNSON, THE GREAT SOCIETY, (BARRY GOLDWATER), WAR ON
POVERTY, CIVIL RIGHTS ACTS OF 1964 AND 1965, MARTIN LUTHER KING,
[BLACK PANTHERS], ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, [ELIJAH MUHAMMAD], MALCOLM
X, GULF OF TONKIN RESOLUTIONS, TET OFFENSIVE
RICHARD NIXON, CHECKERS SPEECH, AGNEW, [EUGENE MCCARTHY], [BOBBY
KENNEDY], GEORGE WALLACE, GEORGE MCGOVERN, WATERGATE, DETENTE,
SALT
GERALD FORD, WIN!, KHMER ROUGE, OPEC, JIMMY CARTER, BORN-AGAIN
CHRISTIANS, HELSINKI ACCORDS
RONALD REAGAN, SDI, IRAN-CONTRA, ROBERT BORK, [TED KENNEDY],
SUPPLY SIDE ECONOMICS, AIDS, GEORGE H.W. BUSH, "READ MY LIPS,"
[DAN QUAYLE], GULF WAR
BILL CLINTON, WHITEWATER, CATTLEGATE, HILLARY RODHAM
CLINTON, [KOSOVO], [CONTRACT WITH AMERICA], [FILEGATE],
[CHINAGATE], PARDONGATE, GEORGE W. BUSH, BUSH V. GORE, WAR ON
TERROR, NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND, [TARP],
BARACK OBAMA, TEA PARTY, OBAMACARE, [FAST AND FURIOUS], DONALD
TRUMP, ALTERNATIVE FACTS, JOE BIDEN, HUNTER BIDEN
POTENTIAL
ESSAY
QUESTIONS:
1. Lyndon Johnson did everything in his power to turn
America into a "Great Society." Unfortunately, his
well-intended programs did little to alleviate the problems
American society faced, and may actually have increased the
turmoil of the 1960's. Comment.
2. Richard Nixon was an exceptionally competent
president and no more immoral than many other presidents of
the last seventy years. He was often a true statesman, putting
the good of his country far above personal
advantage. Nixon was also a clever politician, as
his nickname "Tricky Dick" suggests. But Nixon was not
quite clever enough, not quite tricky enough to overcome the
hostility of his political enemies. Comment.
3. In what came to be called his “malaise speech,”
President Jimmy Carter complained that America was going
through a time of “paralysis and stagnation and drift.”
In many ways, that phrase describes well both the Ford and
Carter administrations. The nation was adrift, and
neither man seemed to be able to do much about it.
Comment.
4. Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush (Bush 41) put
together a new political coalition, a coalition which enabled
them to reverse some of the damage done to America by 20 years
of liberal social and economic policies. However,
despite the many successes of Reagan and Bush, the two men
left their "conservative revolution" far from complete.
Comment.
5. No matter what one thinks of Bill Clinton as a
statesman, it is clear that he is a great politician--and a
great illustration of the general rule that people get the
leaders they deserve. The same might be said of George W. Bush
(Bush 43). Comment.
6. No matter what one thinks of Barack Obama as a
statesman, it is clear that he is a great politician--and a
great illustration of the general rule that people get the
leaders they deserve. The same might be said of Donald
Trump and Joe Biden. Comment.