POTENTIAL ID'S:

PRE-COLUMBIAN, TIPI, SUN DANCE, LAKOTA OYATE, SEVEN COUNCIL FIRES, TIYOSPAYE, GIVE AWAY, WAKAN, WAKANTANKA, CASKE, WINONA, TUNKASINA, SEVEN SACRED RITES, SWEAT LODGE, VISION QUEST

IKTOMI, WHITE BUFFALO WOMAN, TATE, THE STONE BOY, HAMWI, WOHPE, SKAN, DOUBLE-FACE, ELLA DELORIA, WAKAN TANKA, TATE, THUNDERBIRD, WACIPI

CHEROKEE, TRAIL OF TEARS, GREAT BUFFALO HUNT, OJIBWAY, TREATY OF 1851, TREATY OF 1868, MINNESOTA UPRISING, GEORGE ARMSTRONG CUSTER, RED CLOUD, CRAZY HORSE, SITTING BULL, LITTLE BIG HORN (BATTLE OF GREASY GRASS), WOUNDED KNEE, WOVOKA, GHOST DANCE

POTENTIAL ESSAYS:

A.  According to Henry Parkes, a successful society must provide physical security, ethical guidance, and emotional fulfillment to its members.  For the most part, pre-Columbian Sioux society did an excellent job providing these three things.   Ella Deloria is quite right in describing the Dakota as having “a scheme of life that worked.” Comment.

B.  One of the best ways to understand any society is to look at the art, music, and literature it produces.  This is especially trueof the Lakota.    Comment.

C.  As was often the case when Native Americans encountered Europeans, the Sioux encounter with whites was to a certain a "trail of tears."  However, along with some tragic defeats, there were some moments of glory as well.  Comment.

For part one of the exam, I will choose twelve (12) of the above ID’s.  You will write on eight (8) of those 12.  Please be prepared to do more than simply identify the terms.  I expect to see a good paragraph on each term, and I expect you to be able to explain why the term is important to Lakota history and culture.  Some terms may not have been discussed extensively in class.  These terms can all be found in the readings.  The Stoltzman book, for instance, will help a lot on “vision quest” and “sweat lodge.”

I will chose one (1) of the above essay questions for “Part II” of your exam. Be prepared to write a good essay response to each generalization.  Do not put all your information in one long paragraph.  Good topic sentences are important!

The ID’s in each group are a good clue to what I expect to see addressed in your essay.  Every ID is group one relates in some way or another to essay question one.  Every ID in Group 2 relates in some way to essay question 2.  Every ID in Group 3 relates in some way to essay question 3.

I will be impressed if you can include in your essays some of the material brought to class by the guest speakers/presenters.  Tie in when appropriate the things you learned about Lakota culture from the Crawfords, Mr. Renville, and Dr. Lewis.