[Revised 9/29/15, 9/28/201, and 10/7/19.  Virtually no changes on the last revision.]

HISTORY 440--MIDTERM I STUDY GUIDE


PART I--ID'S

MINOANS, MYCENAEANS, (ACHAEANS), EVANS, SCHLIEMANN, LINEAR B, MICHAEL VENTRIS, CNOSSUS, MINOS, DORIANS, DARK AGES

HOMER, FAVORITE HOMER STORY I, FAVORITE HOMER STORY II, FAVORITE HOMER STORY III, FAVORITE HOMER STORY IV

MESSENIA, SPARTA, HELOTS, (PERIOIKOI), LYCURGUS, GEROUSIA, APELLA, EPHORS, HOPLITE

THESEUS, AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION, DRACO, SOLON, AREOPAGUS, COUNCIL OF 400, ECCLESIA, (TECHNE), PISISTRATOS, HIPPIAS, (THESPIS), (BOULE), COUNCIL OF 500, STRATEGOI, OSTRACISM, CLEISTHENES, CLEISTHENIC TRIBES

IONIA, MARATHON, THERMOPYLAE, SALAMIS, PLATAEA, THEMISTOCLES

HERODOTUS STORY I, HERODOTUS STORY II,  HERODOTUS STORY III, HERODOTUS STORY IV

PART II--ESSAYS

1.  Unfortunately, we don't know nearly as much about the Minoans and Mycenaeans as we would like, and we know even less about the Dorian invasion and the Dark Ages that followed.  Still, the work of people like Heinrich Schliemann, Sir Arthur Evans, and Michael Ventris--and the poems of Homer--have given us enough information to see how the developments of these times helped lead to later Greek greatness. Comment.

2.  The poems of Homer are the greatest legacy of the Dark Ages to subsequent Greek civilization. In some ways, these books are the closest thing the Greeks had to a Bible.  But Homer's works are a very strange sort of Bible indeed.  Comment.

3. The Spartan political and social system contains many unusual elements, but the Spartan way of life was well suited for securing the stability of the Spartan state. Comment.

4.  The men who laid the foundations of Athenian greatness in historic times (Solon, Pisistratos, and Cleisthenes) were, if anything, greater heroes than Theseus, the legendary founder of Athens.  Comment.

5.  The Persian War is one of the great turning points of history, and a fascinating war as well.  Herodotus is right in thinking it's a story that shouldn't be forgotten. 
Comment.

6.  Herodotus is the first true historian.  He is also one of the greatest. 
Comment.