History 122--First MT Study Guide

FIRST MIDTERM: PRELIMINARY STUDY GUIDE
[Fall 2018 Revision}

Please note that I wil not include on the exam any of the terms in parentheses as ID choices. You should be prepared to identify and explain the historical signficance of the remaining terms. I will not give you Essay Question 1 below as an essay choice, but the ID's *not* in parentheses in group one might still appear in Part I of the exam.

Extra exam advice on Friday, September 21. If you miss/missed that class, it would be a good idea to look over this Marmorstein exam study advice. The voices I used for the advice videos are really annoying, but you can turn off the sound and *read* the advice I give for specific questions in Parts II and III. You can also look at the Power Point version of the study advice (the three "Spitting Back" links at the bottom right).

COLUMBUS, THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR, (HABSBURGS), THE DEFENESTRATION OF PRAGUE, (WALLENSTEIN), (PEACE OF WESTPHALIA)

(ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S DAY MASSACRE), HENRY IV, EDICT OF NANTES, MARIE DE' MEDICI, LOUIS XIII, ANNE OF AUSTRIA, VERSAILLES, LOUIS XIV

ELIZABETH I, LATITUDINARIANISM, JAMES I, GUNPOWDER PLOT, CHARLES I, CROMWELL, CHARLES II, JAMES II, GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

BACON, DESCARTES, COGITO ERGO SUM, DISCOURSE ON METHOD, MEDITATIONS, PASCAL, PENSEES, PASCAL'S WAGER

(1. The 17th century began on the brink of chaos. Nearly everything taken for granted in earlier centuries had changed, was changing, or was about to change. While in the long run many of these changes may have been good, the short-term result was often disaster, both for the people of the new world and the old. Comment.)

2. Religion is often viewed as a force standing in the way of scientific progress and other sorts of discovery. In the 16th and 17th century, religious beliefs did sometimes impede the acceptance of new ideas. However, religion was far more often a spur to discovery, and the greatest resistance to new ideas came, not from religion, but from within the scientific community itself. Comment.

3. During the 16th and 17th centuries, France was troubled by the same kinds of problems as the rest of Europe--political, economic, and social tensions made worse by religious division. Even competent rulers and officials had a great deal of difficulty trying to govern the country. Comment.

4. During the 16th and 17th centuries, England was troubled by the same kinds of problems as the rest of Europe--political, economic, and social tensions made worse by religious division. Even competent rulers and officials had a great deal of difficulty trying to govern the country. Comment.

5. Bossuet and Hobbes make convincing cases for strong, almost unlimited governmental authority. John Locke, on the other hand, makes an even better case for limiting government. Comment.

6. Bacon, Descartes, and Pascal all did an excellent job in helping people find order and assurance amid the chaos of the 17th century. Comment.

7. The great Baroque artists did an excellent job helping people find order and assurance amid the chaos of the 17th century. Comment.