Things fall apart, the center cannot hold
Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,
The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere
The ceremony of innocence is drowned
The best lack all conviction, while the worst
Are full of passionate intensity
Surely some revelation is at hand!
Surely the second coming is at hand!
--W. B. Yeats, "The Second Coming"
I. Some closing comments on Thucydides/Peloponnesian War
A. The collapse
of perceived moral order/response
II. Philosophy and the attempt to restore moral order
III. The beginnings of Greek philosophy: Ionia
A. Thales: the first philosopher
1. Astronomy
2. Practical wisdom
3. Search for fundamental
source of all things
B. Successors to Thales: search for beginning
1. Anaximander/Anaximenes/Anaxagoras
2. Leucippus/Democritus:
atomic theory
3. Xenophanes: the
ultimate source
C. Pythagoras: holy numbers
D. The problem of change
1. Heraclitus
2. Parmenides
IV. Rise of the Sophists
V. Socrates: the restoration of philosophy
VI. Plato
VII. Aristotle
VIII. Cynics (Diogenes)
IX. Stoics
X. Epicureans